Changing the administrator password in Plesk panel does not change the admin@localhost database password.
In order to update the admin@localhost DB user password to NEWPASSWORD:
1) Login to database
# plesk db
2) Run this SQL command:
UPDATE user SET password=PASSWORD('NEWPASSWORD') where user LIKE 'admin';
3) Replace the password listed in /etc/psa/.psa.shadow with NEWPASSWORD. Do not encrypt the new password, just replace the existing line with the new password.
Details:
Unable to access Plesk on Linux: Access denied for user 'admin'@'localhost' (using password: YES)
In order to update the administrator password of Plesk panel:
# /usr/local/psa/bin/init_conf -u -passwd NEWPASSWORD
Details:
How to retrieve/reset a password of the "admin" user in Plesk for Linux