Also when logging in via SSH on the machine it says "Restart required" … how do I do that?
You can do a (v)server restart in plesk, or use "shutdown -r now" in the shell.
However very slow it seems. The "admin-panel" loads very very long for each new request. Do you know why that could be?
- too small vserver (look at "free", "top" or "iotop")
- broken routing so plesk cannot phone home (I ran into that problem during testing before the jessie->stretch upgrade because the test server is not fully routed so that it doesn't create problems such as sending out mails, and just as you described it waits until the timeout for each request)